Wikileaks

[Britta]

2010 aus der Botschaft Berlin zum Thema Iran: http://wikileaks.ch/cable/2010/01/10BERLIN81.html

He warned that ineffective sanctions could be worse than no sanctions, especially if they send more money to the IRGC’s pockets (through increasing necessity of procurement on the black market which is dominated by the IRGC.) In the interim XXXXXXXXXXXX recommended that a policy of covert sabotage (unexplained explosions, accidents, computer hacking etc) would be more effective than a military strike whose effects in the region could be devastating.

Da empfiehlt also Herr XXX verdeckte Sabotage wie etwa unerklärbare Explosionen, Unfälle und das Hacken von Computern, weil das effektiver wäre wie ein Militärangriff.

[elfenpfad]

Britta hat geschrieben
Da empfiehlt also Herr XXX verdeckte Sabotage wie etwa unerklärbare Explosionen, Unfälle und das Hacken von Computern, weil das effektiver wäre wie ein Militärangriff.

Da erstaunt es ja geradezu, dass Herr xxx nicht auch noch die Effizienz als ein Kriterium mit einbezogen hat in seinen Empfehlungen

• Effektivität ist ein Maß für die Zielerreichung (Wirksamkeit, Output) und
• Effizienz ist ein Maß für die Wirtschaftlichkeit (Kosten-Nutzen-Relation).

[Britta]

Hab mir mal die Mühe gemacht, ein cable der Botschaft von Madrid ein wenig zu übersetzen. Angesichts der Regierungskrise im Libanon interessant und so bekommt man auch mal einen kleinen Einblick (ist nicht ganz Übersetzungsfehlerfrei):

Der unangekündigte Besuch des spanischen Aussenministers vom 07. März in Damaskus, um sich mit dem syrischen Aussenminister Muallim zu treffen, steht im Gegensatz zur US- und EU Politik zur Vermeidung von hochrangigen Besuchen in Damaskus. Diese Politik ist die konkrete Form zur internationalen Isolierung des syrischen Regimes, ausgedrückt in den UN-Resolutionen 1559, 1595, 1636 und 1644. Der Botschafter ist gefragt, starke Bedenken wegen diesem Besuch gegenüber Moratinos auszudrücken und ihn von weiteren Besuchen in Damaskus abzubringen oder syrische Regierungsmitglieder nach Madrid einzuladen.

¶2. (C) Summary: Spanish FM Moratinos' unannounced March 7
trip to Damascus to meet with Syrian FM Muallim is at
variance with US and EU policy on avoiding high-level visits
to Damascus. This policy gives concrete form to the
international isolation of the Syrian regime expressed in
UNSCRs 1559, 1595, 1636, and 1644. Post is asked to convey
strong USG concerns to Moratinos about his visit and
discourage him from making further visits to Damascus or
accepting SARG visits to Madrid, using the points in para 5.
U/S Burns made these points to Ambassador Westendorp in their
meeting on March 13. End Summary.

Wenn man nicht mal mehr miteinander redet, dann kann es natürlich auch keine Verständigung geben.

Moratinos hatte nach seiner Rückreise von Pakistan und Afghanistan einen kurzen Zwischenstop in Damaskus eingelegt und sich mit Muallim getroffen. Er erklärte, im April nochmal nach Damaskus reisen zu wollen. Seine Absichten wären, Syrien aus dem Einfluss des Iran herauszulösen und um nach 'moderaten' Regierungsmitgliedern zur Zusammenarbeit suchen.

3. (C) Background: FM Moratinos made a brief "technical stop"
in Damascus on his return trip from Pakistan and Afghanistan
on March 7. During the unannounced stop, he met briefly with
FM Muallim. In a March 2 meeting with Ambassador Aguirre,
Moratinos had previewed his plan to travel to Damascus in
April in an effort to "pull Syria out of Iran's orbit" by
working with "moderate" members of the regime. He asked for
USG input, but did not mention any plan to visit Damascus
before April (Ref A). Moratinos said that he had briefed the
French on his intentions and that they had not raised any
objections. On March 3 Embassy Paris raised the issue with
French MFA Middle East advisor Christophe Guilhou, who was
not aware of a possible Moratinos visit to Damascus and said
that the GoF would oppose such a visit, given its policy of
discouraging EU ministerial or Head of State visits to or
from Damascus. On March 9 Guilhou told Embassy Paris that FM
Douste-Blazy would raise the issue with Moratinos on the
margins
of the March 13 de Villepin-Zapatero meeting in Madrid and
stress to him that the only official interlocutor with the
SARG should be UN Special Envoy for the Implementation of
UNSCR 1559 Terje Roed-Larsen. (Ref B)

Also, der einzige Mensch, der mit der syrischen Regierung Kontakt haben soll ist der UN-Spezialbeauftrage Terje Roed-Larsen, der sich mit der Umsetzung der UN-Resolution 1559 befasst.

4. (C) When Embassy Madrid learned of Moratinos' stopover in
Damascus, it attempted to contact Moratinos through the
Spanish MFA, which responded that the trip was a technical
stopover and that the meeting between Moratinos and Muallim
would be brief. When Ambassador Aguirre was finally able to
speak with Moratinos, after the meeting had taken place,
Moratinos insisted that he had not strayed from the
international consensus on Syria and would share the details
of his visit with the Ambassador upon his return to Madrid.

Moratinos hat wohl versichert, sich an die Regeln des internationalen Konsens zu Syrien gehalten zu haben.

5. (C//REL to Spain) Post is requested to deliver the
following talking points to FM Moratinos. The points should
be delivered verbally; they are not to be left with him or
hand-delivered:

Folgende Punkte soll der Botschafter dem spanischen Aussenminister vermitteln, aber bloß nicht schriftlich...:

-- You are the first EU foreign minister to visit Damascus
since the assassination of former Lebanese PM Hariri and
twenty others, an assassination the UN determined likely
involved Syrian security officials.

Er sei der erste EU-Aussenminister, der Damaskus seit der Ermodrung des Premierministers Hariri besucht hat und syrische Sicherheits-Beamte werden von der UN für die Ermordung Hariris mit verantwortlich gemacht. (Woran es starke Zweifel gibt. Die libanesische Regierung ist ja gerade deswegen gerade gestürzt).

-- We understand your desire to effect positive change within
the Syrian regime and your desire to pull Syria out of Iran's
orbit. However, we believe that unilateral measures, such as
your unannounced stop in Damascus, are inconsistent with our
joint message to the Syrian regime and risk undermining our
unity. UN Special Envoy for the Implementation of UNSCR 1559
Terje Roed-Larsen continues to meet with SARG officials and
communicate the international community's message to the
SARG.

Wir verstehen den Wunsch, einen positiven Wechsel in der syrischen Regierung herbeizuführen und ihren Wunsch, Syrien aus dem Einflußbereich Irans herauszuziehen. Wieauchimmer glauben wir, das einseitige Unternehmungen, wie hr unangekündigter Stop in Damaskus, nicht mit unserer gemeinsamen Botschaft an die syrische Regierung übereinstimmt und dass sie riskiert haben, unsere Einheit zu untergraben.

-- Now - almost exactly one year after the assassination of
former PM Hariri - is not the time to open new diplomatic
channels with the SARG. To do so represents a weakening of
the policy of isolation and, as such, rewards the regime for
its lack of cooperation with the international community.

Ein Jahr nach der Ermodung von PM Hariri ist es nicht die Zeit, um neue diplomatische Kanäle für die syrische Regierung zu eröffnen. Wer es trotzdem tut, schwächt die Isolationspolitik und, als solches, belohnt das Regime für die fehlende Zusammenarbeit mit der internationalen Gemeinschaft.

-- Since the Hariri assassination, there have been 13 other
bombings and assassinations in Beirut, targeting anti-Syrian
journalists and politicians.

Seit der Ermordung Hariris wurden 13 weitere Bombenanschläge und Morde in Beirut begangen, die anti-syrische Journalisten und Politiker betrafen.

-- In early February, the Syrian regime manipulated and

STATE 00040904 002 OF 002


directed crowds that burned the Danish, Norwegian, and
Swedish Embassies in Damascus. Syrian involvement is also
suspected in the violent demonstrations in Beirut that
attacked western embassies.

Anfang Februar wurden die dänische, die norwegische und die schwedische Botschaft in Damaskus niedergebrant. Syrien wird ebenfalls für die gewaltsamen Demonstrationen in Beirut verantwortlich gemacht, die sich gegen westliche Botschaften richteten.

-- On March 1, Syrian authorities closed the European
Commission-funded Civil Society Training Center, only nine
days after its widely-covered opening on February 21. We
understand the European Commission is protesting the shutdown
to SARG authorities.

Am 1. März schlossen syrische Behörden das von der europäischen Kommission finanzierte Civil Society Training Center, nur 9 Tage nach der groß angekündigten Eröffnung am 21. Februar. Wir verstehen dass die europäische Kommission dagegen bei der syrischen Regierung protestiert.

-- The Syrian regime continues to imprison and harass civil
society activists such as Riad Seif and Kamal Labbowani.

Die syrische Regierung hält immer noch Aktivisten der Civil Society wie Riad Seif und Kamal Labbowani in Haft.

-- The international community has taken a number of steps
designed to force Syria to behave in accordance with
international norms. Despite these efforts, the Asad regime
is still bellicose, confrontational, and repressive one year
after Hariri's death. It also remains confident that it can
thumb its nose at the international community. It has failed
to provide full and unconditional cooperation to the UNIIIC
investigation. In Lebanon, the regime and its agents have
stoked chaos and uncertainty with overt interference and
economic pressure. Within Syria, the regime continues to
repress its people. It has conducted no substantive
political reform, and it has not moved on the limited
economic reforms that it has repeatedly promised. The regime
also continues to provide refuge, financial support, and
political encouragement to Palestinian terrorist groups, and
President Asad has called on Hamas not to recognize Israel.

Wir möchten mit einer Reihe von Maßnahmen Druck auf Syrien ausüben, sich in internationalen Normen zu bewegen. Entgegen dieser Bemühungen ist das Asad Regime, 1 Jahr nach Hariris Tod, immer noch auf Konfrontationskurs und verhält sich unterdrückerisch. Ebenfalls sind sie noch davon überzeugt, sie könnten über die internationalen Gemeinschaft die Nase rümpfen. Sie sind auch nicht willig, bei der UNIIIC Untersuchung mitzuarbeiten. Im Libanon hat das Regime mit offener Einmischung und wirtschaftlichem Druck Chaos und Unsicherheit geschaffen. Innerhalb Syriens setzt das Regime die Unterdrückung der Bevölkerung fort. Sie haben keine wesentlichen Reformen eingeleitet und sich bei den wenigen zugestandenen Reformen nicht bewegt. Das Regime setzt auch seine finanzielle und politische Unterstützung von Flüchtlingen aus Palästina fort und hat die Hamas aufgefordert, Israel nicht anzuerkennen.

-- The international community has spoken clearly on what it
expects of Syria with the adoption of UNSCRs 1559, 1595,
1636, and 1644. Syria must end its interference in Lebanon,
including facilitation of arms trafficking to militias in
Lebanon; close the offices of Palestinian rejectionist groups
in Damascus, stem the flow of foreign fighters into Iraq,
halt repression of Syrian civil society, and cooperate fully
with the investigation into the assassination of former
Lebanese PM Rafiq Hariri.

Die internationale Gemeinschaft hat klar gesagt, was sie von Syrien erwartet, indem sie die UN-Resolutionen 1559, 1595, 1636 und 1644 angenommen hat. Syrien muß seine Einmischung im Libanon beenden, einschließlich der Erleichterung des Waffenschmuggels an die Miliz im Libanon; die Schliessund der palästinensichen (Ablehnungs-) Gruppen in Damaskus, den Zufluß von ausländischen Kämpfern nach Irak stoppen, die Unterdrückung der syrischen Zivilbevölkerung stoppen und voll bei der Untersuchung der Ermordung des früheren Premierministers Hariri mitarbeiten.

-- The United States coordinates closely with France, the UK,
EU, and Germany on its policy towards Syria, Iran, and
Lebanon. The EU position to date, supported by the US, has
been to discourage ministerial or Head of State visits to and
from Damascus.

Die Vereinigten Staaten koordinieren eng mit Frankreich, UK, der EU und Deutschland bei ihrer Politik gegenüber Syrien, Iran und Libanon. Die Position der EU heute, unterstützt durch die USA, war von Besuchen durch Minister- oder Regierungsmitgliedern in Damaskus Abstand zu nehmen.

-- Official visits to Damascus send the wrong message at this juncture by providing the Syrian regime with an opportunity to exploit perceived differences in the international community. We are in full agreement with the French on this point.

Offizielle Besuche in Damaskus senden die falsche Botschaft zu diesem Zeitpunkt und ermöglichen dem syrischen Regime Uneinigkeiten in der internationalen Gemeinschaft wahrzunehmen. Wir sind uns in diesem Punkt voll mit den Franzosen einig.

-- Although your expertise on Middle East issues in general
and Syria in particular is of great value at this juncture,
we urge Spain to coordinate its actions closely with the U.S.
and the EU and to avoid unilateral measures. We can work
together effectively on this important issue only if we are
all working from the same precepts.

Obgleich ihre Erfahrung im Mittleren Osten und generell in Syrien zu deisem Zeitpunkt von großem Wert ist, ermahnen wir Spanien solche Aktionen eng mit der USA und der EU zu koordinieren und Alleingänge zu vermeiden. Wir können nur zusammen effektiv an dieser wichtigen Streitfrage arbeiten, wenn wir uns alle an dieselben Regeln halten.

[Britta]

in 2007 führte China einen Raktentest durch. Sie schossen mit der Rakete einen ihrer eigenen Satelliten ab. Dies führte zu einiger Aufregung in der US-Regierung.

http://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/welt ... 29,00.html

Niemand hat die Explosion gehört oder gesehen, die sich vergangene Woche mehr als 800 Kilometer über der Erde ereignet hat. Dennoch schickt sie zumindest politische Schockwellen um den Globus: China hat vom Boden aus mit einer Rakete einen seiner alten Wettersatelliten abgeschossen. Es ist das erste Mal, dass so etwas gelungen ist - und es führt die offiziellen Beteuerungen, es gebe kein Wettrüsten im All, endgültig ad absurdum.

Experten wissen derzeit noch nicht in allen Details, was genau geschehen ist. Nur so viel scheint bisher klar zu sein: Eine ballistische Rakete, gestartet vom chinesischen Weltraumbahnhof Xichang, hat in der Nacht vom 11. zum 12. Januar den veralteten Wettersatelliten "Fengyun-1C" getroffen und in viele Tausend Trümmerteile zerlegt. Es ist das erste Mal seit 1985, dass ein Satellit abgeschossen wurde: Damals hat ein amerikanischer F-15-Kampfjet den Forschungssatelliten "Solwind P78-1" mit einer speziellen Rakete vernichtet.

Die Reste des chinesischen Satelliten stellen eine immense Gefahr für andere Satelliten dar. Rüstungsexperte David Wright vom US-Forscherverband Union of Concerned Scientists sprach von 800 Fragmenten ab einer Größe von zehn Zentimetern. Hinzu kämen fast 40.000 Trümmer zwischen einem und zehn Zentimetern und rund zwei Millionen Teile von bis zu einem Millimeter.

Selbst derart kleine Objekte können im Orbit eine ungeheure Zerstörungskraft entfalten. Erfahrungen mit Satelliten und Space Shuttles sowie Experimente am Boden haben das eindrucksvoll gezeigt. Welche Gefahr den Satelliten nun droht, die sich derzeit in der Umlaufbahn befinden, ist noch nicht genau klar. Sie ist nach Ansicht von Experten aber beachtlich. "Die Umlaufbahn zwischen 800 und 850 Kilometern Höhe ist sehr wichtig für die Erdbeobachtung", sagte Michael Khan von der europäischen Raumfahrtagentur Esa im Gespräch mit SPIEGEL ONLINE.

Die USA fragten also bei den Chinesen die Hintergründe dieses Tests nach und erhielten keine Antwort. Darauf hin wiesen sie andere Länder an, den Chinesen dieselbe Frage zu stellen.

3.(S) GUIDANCE REQUEST: For Berlin, Canberra, London, Ottawa, Paris, Rome, Seoul, Tel Aviv, and Tokyo: Ambassador or other senior Embassy official in each host country is instructed to deliver Washington's request for assistance in demarching China. Embassies may draw upon the capital-specific talking points in paragraph 4 and key points in the new U.S. demarche to China in paragraph

5.The U.S. demarche to China in paragraph 5 should be left as a non-paper for host Nation's information. Embassies are requested to provide confirmation of delivery and any reactions provided at the time of delivery. Embassies may refer to "if raised" talking points in paragraph 6, as appropriate.

4.(SBU) BEGIN CAPITAL-SPECIFIC TALKING POINTS: a. (S//REL AS, CA, FR, GM, IS, IT, JP, ROK, and UK) FOR ALL:

-- The United States delivered a demarche to the People's Republic of China on or about January 7, 2008, concerning China's continued refusal to adequately explain its anti-satellite flight-test on January 11, 2007. China's direct-ascent anti-satellite weapon was used to intentionally destroy a satellite. As a consequence of this event, China is now responsible for more breakup debris in low earth orbit than any other spacefaring nation.

-- Despite expressions of concern by the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, Japan, South Korea, France and several other nations, China's Ministry of Foreign Affairs has not provided adequate explanations to our questions and concerns.

-- Over the nearly 12 months since these demarches, the U.S. has made numerous follow-up requests for answers in both diplomatic and military-to-military channels. To date, Washington has not received satisfactory answers to many of the questions posed in our January 15, 2007, demarche.

-- The United States requests your government's assistance in applying diplomatic pressure to the Chinese government to respond to several important unanswered questions regarding its January 11, 2007, flight-test of a direct-ascent anti-satellite weapon.

-- We have provided China with a non-paper detailing our specific concerns. We are sharing this non-paper with you and other key allies.

Wenn man so liest, wie die Amerikaner ihre 'Sorge' begründen, ist das alles erstmal mehr ein Ausdruck von: 'Der Weltraum gehört uns, was habt ihr da zu suchen, ihr seid eine Bedrohung für uns', bevor man mit Sachargumenten kommt und die Gefährdung anderer Satelliten durch Trümmerteile anführt.

-- As Ambassador Randt explained in a demarche to Assistant Foreign Minister He on January 15, 2007, and in follow-up discussions throughout 2007 between senior U.S. and Chinese political and military officials in diplomatic and military- to-military channels, the United States remains concerned about the possibility of increased risk to human spaceflight, including the International Space Station and the U.S. Space Shuttle, resulting from China's flight-test of a direct- ascent anti-satellite (ASAT) weapon.

--- Debris from China's ASAT test has increased hazards to other peaceful uses of space in low earth orbit by the United States and other space-faring nations.

--- This is a very serious matter for the entire international community.

-- Unfettered access to space and the capabilities provided by satellites in orbit are vital to United States national and economic security.

--- The United States considers space systems to have the rights of unhindered passage through, and operations in, space without interference.

--- Any purposeful interference with U.S. space systems will be interpreted by the United States as an infringement of its rights and considered an escalation in a crisis or conflict.

--- The United States reserves the right, consistent with the UN Charter and international law, to defend and protect its space systems with a wide range of options, from diplomatic to military.

--- Purposeful interference with the space systems of other nations which are used by the United States for peaceful purposes in pursuit of U.S. national interests also will be considered as contrary to the interest of maintaining international peace and security.

-- It has been nearly a year since China intentionally destroyed an aging weather satellite using a ground-based direct-ascent ASAT weapon.

--- Since this flight-test occurred on January 11, 2007, the United States has detected and tracked over 2,500 pieces of orbital debris directly attributable to this ground-based direct-ascent ASAT flight-test.

--- Our experts estimate that many of these pieces, and as many as 100,000 smaller debris objects, some of which will remain in orbit for the next 100 years.

-- Currently, of all identified satellite (spacecraft and rocket bodies) breakup debris now in low Earth orbit, 45 percent was generated by China.

--- China is now responsible for more breakup debris in low earth orbit than any other state.

-- We have already been compelled to take precautionary measures to maneuver U.S. satellites to reduce the probability of collision with the debris. Our experts predict that to avoid collisions with the debris from China's test, the International Space Station may need to make maneuvers that otherwise would not have been required.

--- China's intentional destruction of a satellite, and the resultant creation of long-lived debris, is contrary to international Space Debris Mitigation Guidelines. These guidelines were endorsed over four years before the ASAT test by Chinese government scientists.

--- Under the Convention on International Liability for Damage Caused by Space Objects, China may be liable for damage caused by debris from China's January 11, 2007, ASAT flight-test.

-- The contradiction between China's statements and actions in this area raise questions about the credibility of China's declaratory policies and commitments in other areas of national security affairs.

-- The United States believes China's development and testing of such capabilities is inconsistent with the constructive relationship that our Presidents have outlined, including in the area of civil space cooperation.

--- The inadequate nature of China's response to our January 15, 2007, demarche and your government's continued unwillingness to provide a full explanation for its actions call into question China's intentions in space and undermines trust.

-- As Secretary of Defense Gates noted in his meeting with President Hu on November 6, 2007, the United States remains interested in talking to China about China's anti-satellite weapons development.

--- Such a dialogue could help reduce the risk of misunderstanding or miscalculation.

-- As we look to the future, we expect China to bear in mind the requirement under Article IX of the Outer Space Treaty, to which China is party, for a State Party to "undertake appropriate international consultations" before proceeding with any activity that it "has reason to believe would cause potentially harmful interference with activities of other States Parties in the peaceful exploration and use of outer space."

-- The U.S. is refraining from any expansion of space-related cooperation with China. One of the primary reasons for this position is the continued lack of transparency from China regarding the full range of China's space activities. One sign of increased transparency would be forthright responses to the following questions:

--- What analysis did China perform to estimate the debris that would be caused by the intentional destruction of your satellite in the January 11, 2007, test?

--- What steps did China take to mitigate damage to the satellites of other countries?

--- What are China's future intentions for its direct-ascent ASAT development and testing program?

--- Will there be further tests of a direct-ascent anti- satellite weapon or other anti-satellite weapons, capabilities, or technologies? If so:

---- How will your government ensure that further testing does not create new hazards for human spaceflight and other space activities?

---- What notification will China provide for any future ASAT tests?

--- Are you planning to deploy your ground-based direct- ascent ASAT, or other, similar weapons, capabilities, or technologies?

END U.S. DEMARCHE TO CHINA.

Da stellen sich mir mehrere Fragen. Z.B., wieso mußten die anderen Länder erst darum gebeten werden, China zu fragen was dieser Test soll? Hatten die selbst keine Bedenken oder haben die den Test gar nicht wahrgenommen?

Andererseits, wie kann man China kritisieren, für etwas das man selber tut? Greenpeace z.B. hat schon 2001 gegen solche Tests der Amerikaner protestiert: http://webplaza.pt.lu/public/greenpea/news/starwars.htm

Bush setzt mit seinem "Star Wars" Programm die gesamte internationale Abrüstungspolitik auf's Spiel. Das "Star Wars" Projekt leitet einen neuen nuklearen Rüstungswettlauf ein. Andere Atommächte werden durch "Star Wars" provoziert, neue Waffen zu entwickeln, um mit den Amerikanern Schritt zu halten", so Husting.

Am Samstag waren Greenpeace-Schwimmer und -Taucher aus den USA, England, Deutschland, Indien, Schweden, Australien, Spanien und Kanada von der Meeresseite aus in die Sicherheitszone des Raketentestgeländes in der Nähe von Los Angeles eingedrungen, um den erneuten Raketentest innerhalb des amerikanischen "Star Wars" Programmes zu verhindern. Mit ihrem friedlichen Protest erreichten sie die Verzögerung des Raketenstarts um rund 40 Minuten.

Und Greenpeace hat wohl recht behalten.

Der chinesische Abschuß eines Satelliten war in 2007. 2008 konnten die Amis dann beweisen, dass sie das auch können: http://www.sueddeutsche.de/wissen/usa-u ... b-1.265821

Von einem Kriegsschiff aus haben die USA einen außer Kontrolle geratenen Satelliten abgeschossen. Die Rakete traf ihr Ziel in mehr als 200 Kilometern Höhe.

Die US-Marine hat einen defekten Satelliten abgeschossen, um einem unkontrollierten Aufprall auf die Erde vorzubeugen....

...Es war der erste Abschussversuch seit Mitte der 80er Jahre, als die USA im Zuge des Kalten Krieges eine Anti-Satelliten-Waffe erprobt hatten.

Da fliegt jetzt also noch mehr Weltraumschrott da oben rum, wie der, den die Amis eh schon produziert haben und gefährdet Shuttleflüge und ISS.

In dem Cable steht dann auch:

-- All breakup debris attributed to the U.S. that is now in low earth orbit was caused by accidents (e.g., fuel tank explosions) and other unintentional events. ---The vast majority of breakup debris created by China is the result of an intentional act.

-- The United States has not conducted an anti-satellite test since 1985. The Cold War is over and the world economy is now significantly more dependent on Low Earth Orbit satellites than it was in 1985. That is why so many countries have expressed concern about the Chinese test.

Nur haben die anderen Länder ja erst auf Bitte der USA ihre 'Besorgnis' ausgedrückt.

Sollten andere Regierungen damit argumentieren, dass die USA ja ebenfalls über Weltraumwaffen verfügt, wird die Erklärung auch gleich mitgeliefert:

If host government counters with an assertion such as: "We believe the United States is pursuing space weapons," the U.S. response should be:

-- The United States does not have any "weapons" in space, nor do we have any plans to field such weapons. d. If host government raises points related to U.S. missile defense, the U.S. response should be:

Hm, das kann man glauben oder auch nicht.

[Britta]

Aufgrund der anhaltenden Proteste in Bahrain und der Gewalt gegen die Demonstranten, sowie dem Einmarsch des saudischen Militärs, habe ich jetzt mal in die cables von Manama geschaut.

Da gibt es schon 2007 Berichte über die Verhältnisse in den Armenvierteln der Städte dort und das die Jugend ziemlich frustriert sei. An Wochenenden brannten regelmäßig Autos oder Autoreifen, auf Fahrzeuge der Polizei wurden Steine und Molotov-Coktails geworfen und man lieferte sich Schlägereien mit der Polizei. Auch kannte man die Nummernschilder der Autos, mit denen Regierungsmitglieder unterwegs waren.

http://wikileaks.ch/cable/2007/11/07MANAMA1033.html

1.(C) Summary: Last Spring's pattern of small clashes on weekend nights between Shi'a youth and police has resumed with the return of cooler weather. End summary. -------------------- A Pattern Re-emerges --------------------

2.(SBU) Each weekend since October 26 small gangs in impoverished Shi'a areas have set tires alight after dark and thrown rocks at police vehicles. On several occasions the young men also threw Molotov cocktails. To date there have been no injuries. Local media have reported these incidents as juvenile delinquency and omitted any reference to their sectarian nature. Similar clashes this past Spring (ref a) petered out in April when the Gulf's ferocious summer heat set in.

Das Vorbild der armen Bevölkerung in Bahrain ist der Iranische Präsident. Vor dem hat da auch der König ganz schön Respekt. Es war ihm absolut unangenehm, dass dieser sich zu einem Besuch angekündigt hatte. Aus Gründen der arabischen Höflichkeit war es ihm unmöglich, diesen Besuch abzulehnen, jedoch wollte er dafür sorgen, dass die Medien nicht über diesen höchst unwillkommenen Besuch berichten und sein Flugzeug sollte auf einem abgelegenen Militärflughafen landen.

Das cable ist sehr kurz, deswegen die volle Länge:
http://wikileaks.ch/cable/2007/11/07MANAMA1012.html

1.(U) The Iranian Ambassador in Manama told local media that Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmedinejad will pay an official visit to Bahrain later this month, after he attends the OPEC Summit in Riyadh on November 17 and 18.

2.(S) The press reports track with what Crown Prince Salman bin Hamad Al-Khalifa told us during the Gulf Security Dialogue (GSD) discussions on November 1, to the effect that Ahmedinejad was making plans to visit Saudi Arabia and Bahrain soon. The Crown Prince said he would prefer that the visit not take place, but that saying no was difficult. In the event the visit were to go forward, the Crown Prince said that the GOB control it tightly in order to deny Ahmedinejad any public relations benefit. He stated that the GOB would ensure that Ahmedinejad's plane would land at an isolated military facility on the southern end of the island and that his meetings would take place outside of Manama.

3.(C) We expect to get a readout of the visit and will report then

Schonmal vorab, vor dem nächsten cable. Das mit den Medien hat nicht geklappt.
http://wikileaks.ch/cable/2007/11/07MANAMA1045.html

1.(S) Summary: The Iranian President stopped briefly in Bahrain to meet the King, Crown Prince, and Prime Minister. The King and Foreign Minister told him that Iran must address the international community's concerns about its nuclear program.

Dazu muß man sagen, dass der König selbst gerne Atomenergie nutzen möchte, weil auch Bahrain immer mehr Energiebedarf hat. Das geht aber aus einem anderen cable hervor.

While the visit received positive coverage in the local press, Iranian press reports trumpeted the signing of a natural gas agreement. According to the GOB, the agreement was a framework agreement to continue ongoing discussions about the purchase of natural gas from Iran. End summary....

4.(S) While Ahmedinejad was afforded all of the head-of-state courtesies, he was not given any opportunity to interact with Bahrain's Shi'a Arab population. Ahmedinejad's motorcade proceeded directly from the airport in the Sunni stronghold of Muharraq to the King's Gudabiya Palace, then back to the airport. Security for the motorcade was tight, with black-clad SWAT teams manning truck-mounted machine guns along the route and helicopters hovering overhead. By contrast, when former president Mohammed Khatemi visited Bahrain in February 2006, large crowds turned out to greet him.

5.(C) Ghanem Al-Buanain, the leader of the largest Sunni bloc in Parliament, perhaps summed up the ambivalence of this visit best in a meeting with the Ambassador. Asked to explain why Bahrain's leaders harshly condemn Ahmedinejad and his policies in private, but in public the Crown Prince greets him at the airport on arrival and the King sends him off on departure, Al-Buanain replied, "Because we're Arabs. We don't like them, but we need them."

Von den Sunniten her sind viele dagegen, dass es überhaupt Shiiten im Parlament gibt, obwohl die Shiiten fast 70% der Bevölkerung ausmachen.

Die Medien wollen aus den Protesten in Bahrain einen Konflikt zwischen Schiiten und Sunniten machen. Tatsächlich ist es aber ein Konflikt arm gegen reich.

[Britta]

http://wikileaks.ch/cable/2001/03/01VATICAN1261.html

C O N F I D E N T I A L VATICAN 001261

SIPDIS

DEPT. FOR EUR/WE (VAN CLEVE); DEPT FOR AF/C

FROM EMBASSY VATICAN/MESSAGE NO. 31/01

E.0. 12958: DECL: 03/05/11
TAGS: PREL PGOV MOPS CG VT
SUBJECT: DROC--VATICAN DEMARCHE


¶1. (U) CLASSIFIED BY CDA JOSEPH MERANTE FOR REASONS 1.5
(A) AND (D) .

¶2. (C) DEPUTY FOREIGN MINISTER MIGLIORE CALLED IN CHARGE
CONFIDENTIAL

PAGE 02 VATICA 01261 061419Z
TO PRESENT A PRO MEMORIA ON THE SITUATION IN THE DEMOCRATIC
REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO (FAXED TO EUR/WE 3/6). (NOTE: FOREIGN
MINISTER TAURAN IS ATTENDING THE POPE'S ANNUAL LENTEN
RETREAT).

¶3. (C) MIGLIORE EXPANDED UPON THE TEXT OF THE PRO
MEMORIA. HE SAID THAT THE VATICAN IS REQUESTING THE U.S.
AND THE UK TO PUT PRESSURE ON UGANDA AND RWANDA TO FULLY
WITHDRAW ITS TROOPS FROM THE KIVU REGION, TO IMMEDIATELY
CEASE THE ILLEGAL EXPLOITATION OF THE NATURAL RESOURCES,
AND TO ACTIVELY PARTICIPATE IN THE INTERCONGOLESE DIALOG.
MIGLIORE SAID THAT THE UGANDAN/RWANDAN OCCUPATION OF KIVU
CONTRIBUTED TO THE DEATH OF OVER ONE MILLION PEOPLE IN THE
PAST FEW YEARS.

¶4. (C) CHARGE INQUIRED IF THE HOLY SEE WOULD BE
APPROACHING OTHER COUNTRIES IN ADDITION TO THE U.S. AND THE
UK. MIGLIORE SAID THAT THE VATICAN HAD DECIDED TO LIMIT
ITS DEMARCHE TO THE U.S. AND THE UK ON THE SITUATION IN THE
KIVU REGION BECAUSE IT BELIEVES WE ARE THE TWO COUNTRIES
WITH THE MOST INFLUENCE WITH THE RWANDANS AND THE UGANDANS.
HOWEVER, THE VATICAN WILL BE CONTACTING THE ANGOLANS AND
THE ZIMBABWEANS TO URGE THEM TO ACTIVELY PARTICIPATE IN THE
DIALOG. MIGLIORE SAID THAT HE BELIEVES ZIMBABWE IS GOING
TO RESIST AS PRESIDENT MUGBAE'S SON IS A KEY PLAYER IN THE
EXPLOITATION OF THE DIAMOND MINES IN THE DROC. MIGLIORE
ALSO SAID THAT HE WAS CONSIDERING CONSULTING WITH THE
BELGIAN AMBASSADOR.

¶5. (C) COMMENT: THE FACT THAT MIGLIORE MADE NO MENTION OF
CONSULTATIONS WITH THE FRENCH IS SURPRISING. THE FRENCH
CONFIDENTIAL

PAGE 03 VATICA 01261 061419Z
EMBASSY TO THE VATICAN HAS REPEATEDLY URGED THE VATICAN AND
SANT'EGIDIO TO BECOME ACTIVELY ENGAGED IN THE PROCESS.

¶6. (U) ACTION REQUESTED: EMBASSY SHOULD REPLY TO MIGLIORE
BY 3/9. REQUEST THAT DEPARTMENT PROVIDES POINTS FOR USE.
MERANTE

Die USA und Britanien sollen Uganda und Ruanda dazu drängen, ihre Truppen aus dem Kongo zurückzuziehen und den illegalen Abbau der Bodenschätze dort stoppen. Die illegale Besetzung hätte in den letzten Jahren schon zu 1 Million Toten geführt.

[Britta]

Der Vatikan zu 9/11: http://wikileaks.ch/cable/2001/09/01VATICAN5095.html

C O N F I D E N T I A L VATICAN 005095

SIPDIS

DEPT. FOR EUR/WE (MENNUTI), S FOR CRAIG KELLY

FROM EMBASSY VATICAN/MESSAGE NO. 164/01

E.O. 12958: DECL: 9/26/11
TAGS: PREF PREL VT


SUBJECT: TFUS01: VATICAN POSITION ON RETALIATION AGAINST
TERRORISTS

REF: (99) ROME 2196

CONFIDENTIAL

PAGE 02 VATICA 05095 281347Z
(U) CLASSIFIED BY DCM MERANTE FOR REASONS 1.5 (B) AND (D).




1.Q(U) REFTEL OUTLINES THE VATICAN'S JUST WAR DOCTRINE AND
ITS APPLICATION TO RECENT CONFLICTS.




¶2. (U) SEVERAL OPINIONS ON ITS APPLICATION TO THE
SEPTEMBER 11 TERRORIST ATTACKS ON THE UNITED STATES HAVE EMERGED FROM SENIOR VATICAN CIRCLES IN THE LAST FEW DAYS. PAPAL SPOKESMAN JOAQUIN NAVARRO-VALLS MADE INTERNATIONAL HEADLINES WHEN HE SEEMED TO DECLARE ""AGGRESSIVE"" MEANS AS JUSTIFIABLE SELF-DEFENSE. NAVARRO-VALLS LATER ISSUED A
CLARIFICATION SAYING HE WAS MERELY STATING STANDARD VATICAN DOCTRINE. WHILE POPE JOHN PAUL II CONTINUES TO CALL FOR DIALOGUE AND PROMOTES PEACEFUL METHODS OF CONFLICT RESOLUTION, SOME OF HIS SENIOR ADVISORS HAVE TAKEN A FIRMER POSITION. ECUMENICAL DIALOGUE CHIEF CARDINAL WALTER KASPER SAID SEPTEMBER 25 THAT ""IT WAS NECESSARY TO BLOCK THE TERRORISTS SO THEY CANNOT CONTINUE WITH THEIR CRIMES."" KASPER ADDED THAT INTERVENTION WAS ""NECESSARY, OTHERWISE WE
ALL BECOME HOSTAGES."" NUMBER THREE IN THE VATICAN
GOVERNMENT HIERARCHY, ARCHBISHOP LEONARDO SANDRI, DESCRIBED TERRORISM AS A THREAT TO ALL PEOPLE, NOT JUST TO THE UNITED STATES.



¶3. (C) THE BOUNDARIES OF THE VATICAN'S JUST WAR THEORY ARE SOMEWHAT BLURRED BY THE CIRCUMSTANCES OF THE WAR ON TERRORISM. GUIDING PRINCIPLES FOR A MILITARY RESPONSE VARY FROM THEOLOGIAN TO THEOLOGIAN EVEN WITHIN THE VATICAN GOVERNMENT. NO ONE IN THE VATICAN IS LIKELY TO PUBLICLY CONDONE MILITARY ACTION. THE EMPHASIS, ESPECIALLY FOR THE POPE, WILL ALWAYS BE ON PEACEFUL MEANS NO MATTER HOW
CONFIDENTIAL

PAGE 03 VATICA 05095 281347Z
DESPERATE THE SITUATION. HOWEVER, GIVEN THE GRAVITY OF THE ATTACKS AGAINST THE UNITED STATES, SOME LIMITED AND PRECISE FORM OF MILITARY RESPONSE THAT ALSO SAFEGUARDS THE INNOCENT WILL BE ""UNDERSTOOD"" BY THE VATICAN EVEN IF NOT OPENLY SANCTIONED.



¶4. (C) HOWEVER, UNCONDITIONAL SUPPORT FOR POSSIBLE U.S.
MILITARY ACTION IS NOT UNANIMOUS IN THE VATICAN AND WOULD NOT BE. EMBASSY HAS LEARNED THAT DEPUTY FOREIGN MINISTER (WHO IS NOTED FOR HIS PRO AMERICAN POSITIONS) HAS SAID PRIVATELY THAT NAVARRO-VALLES WENT ""TOO FAR"" IN HIS STATEMENTS. YET, FOREIGN MINISTER TAURAN IN PRIVATE CONVERSATION WITH AMBASSADOR RECENTLY HAS IMPLIED A RESIGNATION THAT HE BELIEVES THE U.S. WILL BE TAKING MILITARY ACTION SOON. ALTHOUGH MOST MEMBERS OF THE VATICAN FOREIGN MINISTRY WOULD BE PERSONALLY SUPPORTIVE OF AGGRESSIVE RETALIATION, OFFICIAL VATICAN POSITIONS WILL BE BASED ON VATICAN GEO-POLITICAL CONCERNS. IN THIS SPECIFIC CONFLICT, IRAQ IS FOREMOST IN THEIR CALCULATIONS. ANY RETALIATION WHICH MIGHT INCLUDE IRAQ WOULD LESSEN THE
VATICAN'S POSITIVE NEUTRALITY. THE VATICAN IS FIRMLY
CONVINCED THAT ANY REGIME WHICH REPLACES THE CURRENT ONE WILL NOT BE AS SUPPORTIVE OF THE LARGE IRAQI CATHOLIC POPULATION. IN ADDITION, EVEN IF POSSIBLE MILITARY ACTION IS DIRECTED ONLY AGAINST AFGHANISTAN, THE VATICAN IS GREATLY CONCERNED WITH A BACKLASH AGAINST CATHOLICS (AND OTHER CHRISTIANS) LIVING IN EGYPT, SYRIA, IRAQ, PALESTINIAN TERRITORIES, AND LEBANON.



¶5. (C) COMMENT: THE VATICAN'S POSITION ON THE USE OF FORCE IN RETALIATION WILL BE CRITICAL IN BUILDING WORLDWIDE PUBLIC
CONFIDENTIAL

PAGE 04 VATICA 05095 281347Z
SUPPORT. POST REQUESTS THAT THE DEPARTMENT REMAIN SENSITIVE TO THE IMPORTANCE OF KEEPING THE VATICAN INFORMED IN ORDER TO AVOID ANY SURPRISES AND THUS HARMFUL STATEMENTS ON THE PART OF VATICAN OFFICIALS. A PHONE CALL BY SECRETARY POWELL TO VATICAN FOREIGN MINISTER TAURAN BEFORE THE UNDERTAKING OF ANY MILITARY ACTION WOULD HELP IN FIRMING UP VATICAN
SUPPORT.

NICHOLSON

CONFIDENTIAL

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2001VATICA05095 - Classification: CONFIDENTIAL

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